TISSUES AND BONES BASIC

TISSUES WORKSHEET

A

1. Epithelium Forms membranes 
2. Muscle Allows movement of limbs and for organ movements within the body 
3. Connective Function is to support cells 
4. Nervous Function is to communicate 
5. Epithelium Function is to protect and line 
6. Nervous Uses electrochemical signals to carry out its functions 
7. Connective Supports and reinforces the body organs 
8. Epithelium Cells of this tissue may absorb and/or secrete substances 
9. Nervous Basis of the major controlling system of the body 
10. Muscle Its cells shorten to exert force 
11. Epithelium Forms endocrine and exocrine glands 
12. Connective Surrounds and cushions body organs 
13. Muscle Function is to contract and move body 
14. Connective Characterized by having large amounts of extracellular material 
15. Muscle Allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and throw a ball 
16. Connective Widely distributed; found in bones, cartilages, and fat deposits 
17. Nervous Forms the brain and spinal cord 

B

1. A tissue is a collection of cells
2. The four major tissues types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
3. The inside of blood vessels is lined with squamous epithelium.
4. The urinary system is lined with columnar epithelium.
5. Where is simple columnar epithelium found? Lining the small intestine.
6. Stratified epithelia consists of several layers of cells.
7. Transitional epithelium allows the bladder to stretch.
8. Stratified squamous epithelium does NOT OCCUR lining the stomach.
9. The surface cells of stratified squamous epithelium are continually being shed from the surface.
10. Which of the following are NOT connective tissues? Blood and Saliva
11. Which of the following muscle tissues has branched fibers, intercalated discs between adjacent cells and contracts automatically? Cardiac Muscle
12. Which of the following muscle tissues has long fibers and nuclei on the surface? Striated voluntary muscle
13.  Which muscle tissue moves bones? Striated voluntary muscle
14. Which muscle tissue is found in blood vessel walls, in the gut wall and in glands? Smooth involuntary muscle

 C

• Consists of many cells with little intercellular substance  (matrix). epithelial tissue.
• Penetrated by blood vessels (vascular). epithelial tissue.
• Does not cover body sufaces or line passageways and cavities, but is more internally located; binds, supports and protects. connective tissue

 D

• Fibrous Connective Tissue is found where strength and rigidity are needed, as in discs between vertebrae and the symphysis pubis.
• Hyaline Connective Tissue is white glossy cartilage covering ends of bones (articular), covering ends of ribs (costal), and giving strength to nose, larynx, and trachea.
• Elastic Connective Tissue provides strength and flexibility as in the external part of the ear.

 E

• Cardiac Tissue forms the walls of the heart.
• Skeletal Tissue are attached to bones.
• Smooth Tissue are spindle-shaped cells with ends tapering to points.
• Cardiac Tissue contains intercalated discs and gap junctions.
• Smooth Tissue are found in walls of intestine, urinary bladder, and blood.
• Skeletal Tissue cells are multinucleate.

TISSUES LAB

• Epithelial.  It looks to have pseudostratified tissue and the cells are columnar. Two characteristics are cilia and have a basement membrane. 
• Epithelial. It looks to be stratified and the cells are squamous.
• Muscular.  It looks long and thin. 
• Connective. It looks to have no particular arrangement or pattern and have extracellular material. 
• Nervous.  It looks to have characteristics of dendrites and glial cells surrounding the neuron. 

BONE BASICS LAB

A. Microscopic Bone Anatomy.

1.  Write the function (not a description of their function) for these bone tissue structures.

• The function of canaliculi connects havesian canals within the bone.
• The function of Central Canal carries blood vessels that transport nutrients to osteocytes. 
• The function of Lammelae is to help strengthen the bone.
• The function of Lacunae is for nutrient transport and contains osteocytes. 

2. Define these terms.

• Osteoclast is a cell that reabsorbs bone.
• Osteoblast is a cell that forms bone.
• Osteocytel is a mature bone cell.

Nasal Bones

Temporalmandibular Joint 

Mastoid process

Medial malleolus

C

Your Personal Bones

• When I was 10 I had a soccer ball kicked at my nose and it broke both the two nasal bones located between the maxillary bones' frontal processes.  The nasal bones are small, oblong, differ in size and shape.  Each nasal has four bones with which it articulates: two cranium and two facial bones.  Each nasal bone has four borders: the superior, inferior, lateral, and medial. Each nasal bone has two surfaces: the outer and the inner. The outer surface of the nasal bone, which is covered by the compressor naris and the procerus, is convex from one side to the other and concavoconvex from the top to bottom.
• Medial malleolus is a bone that I do not know much about in particular.  The medial malleolus is the spherical bony protrusion on the inner side of the leg, just above the ankle joint. A similar protrusion on the outer side, called the lateral malleolus, is attached to the fibula bone of the lower leg. The former bulge is the terminal end of the tibia, or shin bone; both serve as anchor point for the ligaments and tendons that secure the foot to the leg.